Comparative Evaluation of Oral Health Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors among Preclinical and Clinical Dental Students: A Survey at Baqai Dental College

Abstract

Background: Dental students play a critical role in public oral health education. Their knowledge and attitudes reflect their understanding of disease prevention and responsibility for improving patients' oral health.

Objective: To evaluate the differences in oral health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors between preclinical and clinical dental students in Karachi, Pakistan.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among dental students at Baqai Dental College after obtaining ethical approval. Data were collected using a structured, validated questionnaire measuring oral health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23.

Results: A total of 220 Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) students participated. The second-year cohort had the highest representation (31.8%), while the fourth year had the lowest (8.6%). Gender distribution varied, with an equal male-to-female ratio in the first year, more females in the second year, and a male majority in the fourth year. Attitude scores were significantly higher among clinical students than preclinical students (p = 0.038). No significant differences were observed in knowledge or behavior scores between the two groups. Gender analysis revealed no significant difference in knowledge scores (p = 0.087), but behavior scores were significantly higher among female students (p = 0.02).

Conclusion: These findings emphasize the importance of integrating both academic and behavioral components in dental education, particularly as students advance to clinical practice. The results may inform curriculum development to enhance students' inclination to provide optimal patient care.